Turabian Citation Guide
All information on this page can be found in print
in the Kresge Library Reference Stacks:
A Manual for Writers of Term Papers. Theses, and Dissertations. (6th ed.). (1996).
(LB 2369.T8 1996))
This citation guide provides assistance with Turabian as it is applied to in-text citations and a reference list. For help with notes and bibliography format, please consult the Turabian guide, A Manual for Writers of Term Papers. Theses, and Dissertations.
Please note that capitalization does change depending on which format you use, pay careful attention to the examples.
For documentation with notes and bibliography, see:
N: Notes format
B: Bibliography format
For documentation with in-text (parenthetical) references and a reference list, see:
PR: Parenthetical references
RL: Reference List
Most commonly cited:
Jump to:
Citing Books:
Book: no author or editor (p.189, 11.7)
N:1. Prentice Hall Chemistry: Connections to our Changing World. (Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, [1996]), 21-23.
B: Prentice Hall Chemistry: Connections to our Changing World. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, [1996].
PR: (Prentice hall chemistry: connections to our changing world [1996], 21-23)
RL: Prentice hall chemistry: connections to our changing world. [1996] . Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
Book: one author (p. 187, 11.3)
N: 2. Thomas H. Friedman, The World is Flat. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005), 37.
B: Friedman, Thomas H. The World is Flat. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
PR: (Friedman 2005, 37)
RL: Friedman, Thomas H. 2005. The world is flat. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Book: two authors (p. 188, 11.4)
N: 3. Peter B. Neubauer and Alexander Neubauer, Nature’s Thumbprint: The New Genetics of Personality (Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1990), 35.
B: Neubauer, Peter B.,and Alexander Neubauer. Nature’s Thumbprint: The New Genetics of Personality. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1990.
PR: (Neubauer and Neubauer 1990, 35)
RL: Neubauer, Peter B.,and Alexander Neubauer. 1990. Nature’s thumbprint: the new genetics of personality. Reading, Massachusetts : Addison-Wesley.
(For books with three authors, see p. 188, 11.5)
(For books with more than three authors see p. 188, 11.6)
Edited Book (p. 190-191, 11.11-11.13)
Editor or Compiler as "Author" (p. 190, 11.11)
N:4.Henry Louis Gates Jr. and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, eds., African American Lives. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), 125.
B: Gates Jr., Henry Louis and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham. African American Lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
PR: (Gates Jr. and Higginbotham 2004, 125)
RL: Gates Jr., Henry Louis and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, eds. 2004. African American lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Article or chapter in an edited book (p. 196, 11.26)
N: 5. Barton Lessin, "Merging Science/Technology Libraries: a Valuable Planning Option," in Information Practice in Science and Technology, ed. Mary. C. Schlembach (Binghamton, NY: Haworth, 2001), 15.
B: Lessin, Barton "Merging Science/Technology Libraries: a Valuable Planning Option."In Information Practice in Science and Technology, ed. Mary. C. Schlembach, 3-16. Binghamton, NY: Haworth, 2001.
PR: (Lessin 2001, 15)
RL: Lessin, Barton. 2001. Merging science/technology libraries: a valuable planning option. In Information practice in science and technology, ed. Mary. C. Schlembach, 3-16. Binghamton, NY: Haworth.
For more on chapters in books, volumes, and translations see p. 193-199, 11.18-11.31) in the Turabian manual.
Book review in a journal (p. 205, 11.46)
N: 6. John W. Collins, review of Achieving Institutional Excellence for the First Year of College, by Betsy O. Barefoot, et al., College & Research Libraries 67 (January 2006) : 88.
B: Collins, John W. Review of Achieving Institutional Excellence for the First Year of College, by Betsy O. Barefoot, et al. College & Research Libraries 67 (January 2006) : 88-89.
PR: (Collins 2006, 88)
RL: Collins, John W. 2006. Review of Achieving institutional excellence for the first year of college, by Betsy O. Barefoot, et al. College & Research Libraries 67 (January) : 88-89.
Encyclopedia or Dictionary (p. 146, 8.112)
"Well-known reference books are generally not listed in bibliographies. When they are cited in notes, the facts of publication are usually omitted. " For more information see p.146-147, section 8.112
Encyclopedia article (p.204, 11.42)
"Well-known reference books are generally not listed in bibliographies. In notes or parenthetical references the facts of publication are usually omitted, but the edition, if not the first, must be specified (see 8.112):" (204)
N: 7. S.L. Leiter, "Ethel Merman," in The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives.
PR: (S.L. Leiter, "Ethel Merman," in The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives)
Dissertations (p.209, 11.55)
N: 8. Jennifer L. Frischknecht, "Peer Influences on the Behavior of Adolescent Females in Residential Treatment" (Ph.D. diss., Alliant International University, 2006), 127.
B: Frischknecht, Jennifer L. "Peer Influences on the Behavior of Adolescent Females in Residential Treatment." Ph.D. diss., Alliant International University, 2006.
PR: (Frischknecht 2006, 127)
RL: Frischknecht, Jennifer L. 2006. Peer influences on the behavior of adolescent females in residential treatment. Ph.D. diss., Alliant International University.
Lesser-used citations such as non-English books (p. 196, 11.25), technical and research reports (p.227, 12.20), audio-visual materials (p 210-211, 11.58-11.64), and government documents (p. 216-238, 12.8-12.33), can be found in the Turabian manual.
Citing Journal Articles and Newspapers
Journal Article from the print: one author (p. 202, 11.39)
N:9. Kathryn Lofton, "Practicing Oprah; or, the Prescriptive Compulsion of a Spiritual Capitalism," The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August 2006) : 604.
B: Lofton, Kathryn. "Practicing Oprah; or, the Prescriptive Compulsion of a Spiritual Capitalism. The Journal of Popular Culture 39(August 2006) : 599-621.
PR: (Lofton 2006, 604)
RL: Lofton, Kathryn. 2006. Practicing Oprah; or, the prescriptive compulsion of a spiritual capitalism. The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August) : 599-621.
Journal Article: two authors (p. 203, 11.40)
N:9. Michael L. Maynard and Megan Scala. "Unpaid Advertising: A Case of Wilson the Volleyball in Cast Away," The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August 2006) : 623.
B: Maynard, Michael L., and Megan Scala. "Unpaid Advertising: A Case of Wilson the Volleyball in Cast Away." The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August 2006) : 622-638.
PR: (Maynard and Scala 2006, 623)
RL: Maynard, Michael L., and Megan Scala. 2006. Unpaid advertising: a case of Wilson the volleyball in Cast Away.The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August) : 622-638.
Journal Article: from a database (ex. Lexis-Nexis, InfoTrac OneFile, Wilson OmniFile) (p. 210, 11.57)
N:10. Kathryn Lofton, "Practicing Oprah; or, the Prescriptive Compulsion of a Spiritual Capitalism," The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August 2006) : 604 [database on-line]; available from Wilson OmniFile.
B: Lofton, Kathryn. "Practicing Oprah; or, the Prescriptive Compulsion of a Spiritual Capitalism. The Journal of Popular Culture 39(August 2006) : 599-621. Database on-line. Available from Wilson OmniFile.
PR: (Lofton 2006, 604)
RL: Lofton, Kathryn. 2006. Practicing Oprah; or, the prescriptive compulsion of a spiritual capitalism. The Journal of Popular Culture 39 (August) : 599-621. Database on-line. Available from Wilson OmniFile.
Daily newspaper article: print version (p. 204, 11.44)
"News items from daily papers are rarely listed separately in a bibliography or reference list. If a newspaper is cited only once or twice, a note or a parenthetical reference in the test is sufficient:" (p. 204) see also p. 144-45 8.105-10.
N: 11. Alejandro Bodipo-Memba, "Gas at $2: Maybe Soon," Detroit Free Press, 19 September 2006, sec 1A, p. 8A.
and also
N: Detroit Free Press, 19 September 2006.
PR:( Detroit Free Press, 19 September 2006).
Other Media
For detailed help with citing music sources in Turabian format, check out: the Western Libraries Music Library Citation Guide.